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Water Purification Methods

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Reverse Osmosis (RO) Based Packaged Drinking Water Manufacturing Process

This article emphasizes on water purification methods and processes in the context of RO based packaged drinking water manufacturing.

Manufacturing process for packaged drinking water is essentially a purification process of raw water through different treatments in conformance with BIS standard IS 14543.

In general the manufacturing of packaged drinking water mainly involves the following process:
a) Raw Water Collection
b) Removal of suspended and colloidal impurities by filters such as sand, carbon, micron filter etc
c) Removal of dissolved solids by Reverse Osmosis, Ion Exchange etc
d) Disinfection by different means such as Silver Ionization, Ozonation, U.V etc
e) Filling & Packaging

Different combination of processes are adopted in different applications such as commercial RO systems, domestic water purifiers, indstrial water treatment etc.

Each sector is supported by core suppliers group who manufacture, design and supply technologies for water treatment plant machinery and also for potable RO water purifiers.

The following steps are used for RO plants involved in manufacturing of 20 Litre Water Cans, 500ml, 1 Litre and other standard sized pet water bottles:



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Reverse Osmosis (RO) Based Packaged Drinking Water Manufacturing Process
  1. DOSING SYSTEM 1 & 2
    The water is drawn from a local source like a Bore Well line. The water is then collected into storage tank. It then goes to
    dosing system through raw water feed pump. In the dosing system, antiscalent is used for softening of the water. This process removes the scale causing heavy mineral salts.
  2. PRESSURE SAND FILTER
    From dosing system the water is then pumped under pressure into sand filter, where the impurities of raw water are
    removed.
  3. ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER
    Maintaining the same water pressure the water then goes through activated carbon filter where organic impurities are removed. Carbon filter also removes odor, taste and chlorine.
  4. MICRON CARTRIDGE FILTER (MCF)
    Further the water is then passed through micron filter. This filter removes the micro  particles from the water.
  5. U.V. SYSTEM
    Water is further passed through U.V. disinfection system to kill bacteria and inactivate them.
  6. DEMINERALISATION BY REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM (R.O.)
    Water from goes to R.O. System through High Pressure Pump. R.O. removes 90-95% of the dissolved solids. The finished water is pumped further into Storage Stainless Steel (SS) Tank.
  7. OZONE GENERATOR WITH RE-CIRCUALTION
    Finished water from R.O. system is stored in S.S made storage tank. This tank is used as ozone circulation tank. The ozone is
    passed to this tank for disinfection and keep the filtered water fresh.
  8. FILLING AND PACKING
    Water is then filled in clean, rinsed and sanitized containers like 20 Litre Water Can or PET water bottle.
  9. VISUAL EXAMINATION
    Containers or bottles are further visually inspected for any leakage and suspended matter against illuminated screen.

As per BIS standard scheme of testing for Packaged Drinking Water the processed water need to be sent for testing and the report need to be documented and published accordingly. If the test results are not in adherence with the BIS standards then the license for that particular packaged drinking water manufacturer or brand could be cancelled.

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